WEBVTT 00:00.000 --> 00:26.000 Mr. Wizard! 00:26.000 --> 00:28.000 Oh, hi, I'm at the front end. 00:28.000 --> 00:30.000 Hi, Mr. Wizard! 00:30.000 --> 00:32.000 What's that, science fiction thing? 00:32.000 --> 00:37.000 Well, it's a science thing, but what we're going to do today is not friction. 00:37.000 --> 00:39.000 Friction. 00:39.000 --> 00:41.000 Friction. You watch this balloon. 00:43.000 --> 00:45.000 It's moving. 00:48.000 --> 00:50.000 That's pretty strange music. 00:50.000 --> 00:52.000 Well, this is electronic music. 00:52.000 --> 00:54.000 Electronic? 00:54.000 --> 00:56.000 Oh, yeah. 01:02.000 --> 01:04.000 You see how that spoon bounces around like that? 01:04.000 --> 01:06.000 Yeah, it's really moving. 01:06.000 --> 01:11.000 Well, today you and I are going to play a very common game. 01:11.000 --> 01:17.000 You know the kind of game where there's a picture and they have trees and bushes and houses and whatnot, 01:17.000 --> 01:23.000 and you have to sort of look in the little leaves and the bushes to try to find a face or a figure or squirrels or animals or something like that? 01:23.000 --> 01:26.000 Well, that's the kind of game we're going to play today. 01:26.000 --> 01:32.000 And instead of having bushes and a house and trees and things like that, we're going to have all these things I've collected here. 01:32.000 --> 01:36.000 So let's see, first of all, you recognize what they are. You recognize this, I assume. 01:36.000 --> 01:37.000 Yeah, it's a record player. 01:37.000 --> 01:40.000 Yeah, it's a record player. And you recognize what that is? 01:40.000 --> 01:41.000 I think it's a little motor, isn't it? 01:41.000 --> 01:44.000 Yeah, it's a little motor and a little gearbox over there, so that's another thing. 01:44.000 --> 01:45.000 You know this... 01:45.000 --> 01:46.000 That's a speaker. 01:46.000 --> 01:47.000 Yes, and that? 01:47.000 --> 01:48.000 A spoon. 01:48.000 --> 01:49.000 A spoon. 01:49.000 --> 01:50.000 A funnel. 01:50.000 --> 01:52.000 Yes, and down here is a little cap from a spray can. 01:52.000 --> 01:53.000 What's in there? Something. 01:53.000 --> 01:55.000 Well, some white powder, yes. 01:55.000 --> 01:56.000 Okay. 01:56.000 --> 01:57.000 Okay. 01:57.000 --> 01:58.000 And... 01:58.000 --> 01:59.000 Oh, a slide projector. 01:59.000 --> 02:01.000 Slide projector. You know what that is. 02:01.000 --> 02:02.000 Static generator. 02:02.000 --> 02:03.000 And this... 02:03.000 --> 02:04.000 A balloon. 02:04.000 --> 02:05.000 What's that? 02:05.000 --> 02:06.000 I think we used those once before, didn't we? 02:06.000 --> 02:09.000 Oh, it's a photo cell, isn't it? A light cell? 02:09.000 --> 02:13.000 Yes, when light falls on it, it generates electricity, yes. And there's a little motor. 02:13.000 --> 02:14.000 Motor. 02:14.000 --> 02:17.000 And down here is a hinge, see it? 02:17.000 --> 02:18.000 Yeah. 02:18.000 --> 02:22.000 And then there's a wire that goes across here, and over here is a motor. 02:22.000 --> 02:24.000 Uh-huh. Bicycle wheel. 02:24.000 --> 02:27.000 Yes, a bicycle wheel. And on the other side... 02:27.000 --> 02:28.000 Something else. 02:28.000 --> 02:29.000 Looks like another motor, doesn't it? 02:29.000 --> 02:30.000 Yeah, a little bit like one. 02:30.000 --> 02:31.000 Okay. 02:31.000 --> 02:35.000 And then more wires come over here, and we finally go up to this. You know what that is? 02:35.000 --> 02:37.000 Oh, yeah, that's from a train set. 02:37.000 --> 02:42.000 Yes, a train set. And you want to go around and you'll look on the other side. You'll see what I have over there. See it? 02:42.000 --> 02:43.000 It's a mousetrap. 02:43.000 --> 02:49.000 Yes, a mousetrap. And that's got a string on it going up here. And right up there is a little thing from the end of a medicine dropper. 02:49.000 --> 02:50.000 Oh. 02:50.000 --> 02:52.000 On the end of this tube. And you recognize this? 02:52.000 --> 02:54.000 That's from a lamp, isn't it? 02:54.000 --> 02:56.000 Yes, from a lamp. And here? 02:56.000 --> 02:57.000 That's for distilling things. 02:57.000 --> 03:01.000 It's a condenser, yeah. And then here, you recognize these? 03:01.000 --> 03:04.000 Um, I don't know. Two wires. 03:04.000 --> 03:06.000 Yeah, two wires and a pitcher. 03:06.000 --> 03:07.000 Uh-huh. 03:07.000 --> 03:11.000 Well, there are all the everyday things that you are, you know, that you're going to have to find the hidden things. 03:11.000 --> 03:13.000 Well, what am I looking for? 03:13.000 --> 03:17.000 Well, what you're looking for are six different ways to make electricity. 03:17.000 --> 03:19.000 Oh, that's easy. 03:19.000 --> 03:25.000 Hidden in all of these things are six different ways. They may not be so easy. 03:25.000 --> 03:27.000 Well, we have one right there with the wires. 03:27.000 --> 03:30.000 Right there. All right. Well, now, wait a minute. I have a pencil. 03:30.000 --> 03:31.000 Yeah. 03:31.000 --> 03:37.000 Here you are. And here's a pad. Can you tell me six different ways to make electricity? 03:37.000 --> 03:38.000 I think I know four. 03:38.000 --> 03:39.000 All right. 03:39.000 --> 03:41.000 Well, there's light. 03:41.000 --> 03:44.000 Yes. 03:44.000 --> 03:46.000 And there's sound. 03:46.000 --> 03:49.000 Oh, wait a minute. Wait. What do you mean by sound? 03:49.000 --> 03:53.000 Um, vibration. You know, when you speak into something and then it's... 03:53.000 --> 03:54.000 Oh, like a microphone, a little electric... 03:54.000 --> 03:55.000 Yeah, electricity. 03:55.000 --> 03:59.000 Oh, I see. Well, now, wait a minute. All you're doing there is you're changing the vibrations of your voice into an electrical signal. 03:59.000 --> 04:04.000 But I want to know what is it that changes it. Where do the little electrons that come out of the microphone come from? 04:04.000 --> 04:06.000 Gadget. 04:06.000 --> 04:07.000 S.O. cross-off. 04:07.000 --> 04:08.000 Okay. S.O. cross-off. 04:08.000 --> 04:11.000 Light. You understand? There's something inside that does it. 04:11.000 --> 04:12.000 Yeah. 04:12.000 --> 04:13.000 All right. 04:13.000 --> 04:14.000 Heat. 04:13.000 --> 04:15.000 Heat. Okay. 04:15.000 --> 04:18.000 H-E-A-T. 04:18.000 --> 04:19.000 Yes. 04:19.000 --> 04:20.000 Um, motion. 04:20.000 --> 04:23.000 You said you knew four. Well, now, what do you mean by motion? 04:23.000 --> 04:27.000 Well, say you're turning something and that, um... 04:27.000 --> 04:28.000 Well, what... 04:28.000 --> 04:29.000 It's like a field radio and then it's... 04:29.000 --> 04:34.000 Oh, yes. But when they crank the field radio, what is it that they're turning? Do you know what's inside? 04:34.000 --> 04:35.000 Magnets. 04:35.000 --> 04:40.000 Magnets and coils, yes. So, if you put down, um, magnetism would really be there. 04:40.000 --> 04:41.000 All right. 04:41.000 --> 04:42.000 Okay. 04:42.000 --> 04:43.000 Mag-net. 04:43.000 --> 04:44.000 Net. 04:44.000 --> 04:45.000 Good. 04:45.000 --> 04:47.000 That's three. Three more to go. 04:47.000 --> 04:49.000 Ugh. 04:49.000 --> 04:50.000 Give me a clue. 04:50.000 --> 04:52.000 Uh, you have rugs in your house. 04:52.000 --> 04:54.000 Yeah. 04:54.000 --> 04:56.000 Oh. Static. 04:56.000 --> 05:00.000 Yeah, static. 05:00.000 --> 05:01.000 Okay. 05:01.000 --> 05:02.000 All right. 05:02.000 --> 05:05.000 That's four. 05:05.000 --> 05:07.000 Two more? 05:07.000 --> 05:08.000 Mm-hmm. 05:08.000 --> 05:09.000 Sure? 05:09.000 --> 05:10.000 Mm-hmm. 05:10.000 --> 05:11.000 And they're in there. 05:11.000 --> 05:13.000 And they're in here, yes. 05:13.000 --> 05:16.000 All right. Another clue, then, I suppose. Um... 05:16.000 --> 05:19.000 Well, I'll make it easy. Flashlight. 05:19.000 --> 05:20.000 Battery. 05:20.000 --> 05:21.000 Yes. 05:21.000 --> 05:24.000 What is the... Where do the energy come from... The electrons come from in a battery? 05:24.000 --> 05:25.000 What kind of a... 05:25.000 --> 05:29.000 Oh, well, you have, um, the, uh, different chemicals in there. 05:29.000 --> 05:30.000 Yes, chemicals. 05:30.000 --> 05:35.000 Oh. Not as stupid as I thought, huh? 05:35.000 --> 05:36.000 One more. 05:36.000 --> 05:37.000 Okay, make it hard. 05:37.000 --> 05:40.000 And just write down piezo. P-I-E-Z-O. 05:40.000 --> 05:41.000 What does that mean? 05:41.000 --> 05:42.000 Yes. 05:42.000 --> 05:45.000 P-I-E-Z-O. 05:45.000 --> 05:51.000 That means pressure. That you can get, uh, you can get electricity from creating pressure on certain types of crystals. 05:51.000 --> 05:52.000 You can? 05:52.000 --> 05:55.000 Yes. Okay, now, you thought of four fairly well, and then you had trouble with... 05:55.000 --> 05:56.000 Mm-hmm. 05:56.000 --> 05:59.000 ...or really three. You didn't really get the magnitude... Or you did know it was turning. 05:59.000 --> 06:00.000 Yeah. 06:00.000 --> 06:01.000 Let's see examples of each one of these. 06:01.000 --> 06:02.000 Okay. 06:02.000 --> 06:07.000 Now, before we go look at the, uh, see if you can find them hidden in the, uh, in this... 06:07.000 --> 06:08.000 Oh, there's one right there. 06:08.000 --> 06:09.000 Yeah, balloons. 06:09.000 --> 06:10.000 That's what we were just bumping into. 06:10.000 --> 06:12.000 Uh, how do the electrons, uh, get on the balloons? 06:12.000 --> 06:15.000 Well, you have to rub it with something. 06:15.000 --> 06:16.000 Shh! 06:16.000 --> 06:17.000 Nosey. 06:17.000 --> 06:20.000 And you're rubbing electrons off of the wool, onto the balloon. 06:20.000 --> 06:21.000 Uh-huh. 06:21.000 --> 06:22.000 And how do you know? 06:22.000 --> 06:24.000 Uh, because when you do it to both... 06:24.000 --> 06:25.000 Mm-hmm. 06:25.000 --> 06:27.000 ...they keep away from each other because... 06:27.000 --> 06:28.000 Yes. 06:28.000 --> 06:29.000 ...they keep telling each other. 06:29.000 --> 06:34.000 That's example number one. So you're gonna see if you can find this sample example when we look at the hidden ones over there. 06:34.000 --> 06:35.000 Okay. 06:35.000 --> 06:37.000 Okay? That's number one. 06:37.000 --> 06:38.000 Uh... 06:40.000 --> 06:42.000 Any idea what that is, huh? 06:42.000 --> 06:43.000 Battery? 06:43.000 --> 06:48.000 Yeah, it's a little battery. In there, you know what kind of liquid is usually in a battery? 06:48.000 --> 06:50.000 Um, acid, I think. 06:50.000 --> 06:53.000 Usually acid. You can have other kinds, too. And what are these two things? 06:53.000 --> 06:56.000 Well, I guess one would be copper and the other, um... 06:56.000 --> 06:57.000 This is zinc. 06:57.000 --> 06:58.000 Yeah, carbon. 06:58.000 --> 06:59.000 Carbon and zinc, yes. 06:59.000 --> 07:01.000 And when you put them in here... 07:01.000 --> 07:03.000 And I have to give it a little touch to get it going. 07:03.000 --> 07:05.000 Strong drain. 07:05.000 --> 07:07.000 Mm-hmm, strong drain. 07:07.000 --> 07:10.000 And to prove that it's actually coming from there, you can see when you take it out. 07:10.000 --> 07:14.000 But I don't have it just strong enough to get it first thing started, so I have to touch it. 07:14.000 --> 07:16.000 So that's static chemical. 07:16.000 --> 07:17.000 Chemical. 07:17.000 --> 07:18.000 Yeah. 07:18.000 --> 07:19.000 Okay. 07:19.000 --> 07:20.000 Now, these are all clues, see? 07:20.000 --> 07:21.000 These are clues. 07:21.000 --> 07:28.000 Because later on, when you look at them, when you look where they're hidden, you should be able to try to identify the actual thing, right? 07:28.000 --> 07:29.000 Mm-hmm. 07:29.000 --> 07:30.000 Okay? What's that one? 07:30.000 --> 07:31.000 Uh, do I turn this? 07:31.000 --> 07:32.000 Yeah, turn it. 07:35.000 --> 07:38.000 Oh, um, the light goes on. That must be a magnet. 07:38.000 --> 07:41.000 Ah, well, in this case, the magnets are stationary, though, aren't they? 07:41.000 --> 07:44.000 Here, let me pull them off. 07:44.000 --> 07:48.000 And you see right down in here, you see when I turn it slowly? 07:48.000 --> 07:49.000 Yeah. 07:49.000 --> 07:53.000 There are a whole pile of little tiny wires coiled in. See them there? 07:53.000 --> 07:54.000 Oh, yeah. 07:54.000 --> 07:57.000 And then, and the other side of them is, you know, on the other side over here. 07:57.000 --> 08:03.000 So as you spin that coil, you see you're spinning them inside the magnetic field of these three magnets. 08:03.000 --> 08:05.000 Wasn't that Faraday's discovery? 08:05.000 --> 08:09.000 That's right. He moved a magnet near a wire and found that there was an electric current there. 08:09.000 --> 08:11.000 And so what do you call this guy? 08:11.000 --> 08:13.000 Uh, that would be the magnet. 08:13.000 --> 08:15.000 The magnet. And this is called a generator. 08:15.000 --> 08:17.000 Yeah. 08:17.000 --> 08:19.000 Pretty good. 08:19.000 --> 08:22.000 All right. Now you want to go around to the other side over there so you can see those meters. 08:22.000 --> 08:24.000 Because here are the last three. 08:24.000 --> 08:26.000 We've got static, chemical, and magnetic. 08:26.000 --> 08:27.000 Mm-hmm. 08:27.000 --> 08:29.000 Now, you see this little thing? 08:29.000 --> 08:31.000 Now look at the meter. What happens to it? 08:31.000 --> 08:32.000 It went up. 08:32.000 --> 08:34.000 Okay, now put your hand over here. 08:34.000 --> 08:35.000 It went down. 08:35.000 --> 08:37.000 Yeah. So what do you think that that, uh... 08:37.000 --> 08:39.000 That must be, uh, the light. 08:39.000 --> 08:40.000 Yeah. 08:40.000 --> 08:41.000 The thing for the light. 08:41.000 --> 08:43.000 Sure it isn't the heat of your hand? 08:43.000 --> 08:44.000 Um, I don't think so. 08:44.000 --> 08:46.000 No? Hold your hand way up on it. 08:46.000 --> 08:48.000 Then gradually bring it closer. 08:48.000 --> 08:50.000 Try this. 08:52.000 --> 08:53.000 Definitely light. 08:53.000 --> 08:54.000 Definitely. 08:54.000 --> 08:55.000 Okay. 08:55.000 --> 08:56.000 Very good. 08:56.000 --> 09:01.000 Now, in here is a special little kind of metal that when light hits it, it kicks out a little supply of electrons. 09:01.000 --> 09:03.000 They go down through the wire and are making the needle move here. 09:03.000 --> 09:04.000 Mm. 09:04.000 --> 09:05.000 All right. 09:05.000 --> 09:06.000 Light can... 09:06.000 --> 09:07.000 All right, so that's light. 09:07.000 --> 09:08.000 That was so hard. 09:08.000 --> 09:10.000 So we have static, chemical, magnetic, light. 09:10.000 --> 09:12.000 And now what's this one? 09:12.000 --> 09:13.000 Well, it's gonna be heat. 09:13.000 --> 09:15.000 You think so because there's a candle there? 09:15.000 --> 09:16.000 Yeah. 09:21.000 --> 09:22.000 See these two little wires? 09:22.000 --> 09:23.000 Yeah. 09:23.000 --> 09:24.000 Little tiny wires. 09:24.000 --> 09:26.000 Now, they're twisted together at the end. 09:26.000 --> 09:27.000 Oh, what are they? 09:27.000 --> 09:30.000 Well, they're iron and constantan, two dissimilar metals. 09:30.000 --> 09:36.000 And when you heat them up, electrons flow out of one, go all the way around around the meter, and go back on the other if it's due to heat. 09:36.000 --> 09:37.000 Watch. 09:37.000 --> 09:39.000 There it goes. 09:39.000 --> 09:40.000 Yeah, see it go? 09:40.000 --> 09:45.000 And notice the hotter it gets, you know, I move it right into the flame, the more the needle moves. 09:45.000 --> 09:46.000 Yeah. 09:46.000 --> 09:47.000 And when I pull it up now, gradually... 09:47.000 --> 09:48.000 It goes down. 09:48.000 --> 09:49.000 Yeah. 09:49.000 --> 09:53.000 That should give you a clue later to some questions I'm gonna ask. 09:53.000 --> 09:54.000 Remember that. 09:54.000 --> 09:55.000 Okay. 09:55.000 --> 09:56.000 The hotter it gets, the higher the needle moves. 09:56.000 --> 09:57.000 Right. 09:57.000 --> 09:58.000 All right. 09:58.000 --> 10:00.000 That's five, right? 10:00.000 --> 10:01.000 That's five. 10:01.000 --> 10:03.000 Do you remember that word I told you about? 10:03.000 --> 10:05.000 Um, piezo? 10:05.000 --> 10:06.000 Piezo, yes. 10:06.000 --> 10:07.000 Piezo. 10:07.000 --> 10:17.000 Well, the dictionary says piezo, it is P-I-E, but I have some Italian friends and some Greek friends and some engineering friends, and they all say piezo, so that's the way I'm gonna say it. 10:17.000 --> 10:18.000 Okay. 10:18.000 --> 10:19.000 And here it is right here. 10:19.000 --> 10:21.000 Recognize... you probably don't recognize that. 10:21.000 --> 10:23.000 It looks like a piece of glass. 10:23.000 --> 10:25.000 Yeah, it looks like a piece of broken glass, doesn't it? 10:25.000 --> 10:27.000 But it's a crystal of Rochelle salt. 10:27.000 --> 10:28.000 It's a paperweight. 10:28.000 --> 10:29.000 Yes. 10:29.000 --> 10:41.000 And if you twist Rochelle salt or some other types of Rochelle crystal, Rochelle salt crystal and some other types of crystals, too, you get a feeble electric current. 10:41.000 --> 10:45.000 The crystal itself, as you twist it, sends out little electrons and they flow through the wire. 10:45.000 --> 10:57.000 And this was not really the way it's meant to be done, but I just put some plates on each side, and I'm gonna try to squeeze it, and you see if you can see the needle move just the tiniest little bit, now watch. 10:57.000 --> 10:58.000 See it move? 10:58.000 --> 10:59.000 Yeah, just a little. 10:59.000 --> 11:00.000 Just a tiny little bit. 11:00.000 --> 11:01.000 Just a little bit. 11:01.000 --> 11:07.000 Of course, this is not the way they use it, but I don't want to give you any more of a clue, because I think maybe I might be able to catch you on this one. 11:07.000 --> 11:09.000 Just the tiniest little bit. 11:09.000 --> 11:10.000 Yeah. 11:10.000 --> 11:12.000 So there we have the five different ways. 11:12.000 --> 11:13.000 Or six. 11:13.000 --> 11:14.000 Six, yeah. 11:14.000 --> 11:17.000 Okay, now I'll go through and explain what this is. 11:17.000 --> 11:18.000 I didn't explain what it was. 11:18.000 --> 11:19.000 No, I didn't. 11:19.000 --> 11:24.000 Because instead of a picture of a house or something, what that is is an automatic volume control. 11:24.000 --> 11:25.000 Yeah. 11:25.000 --> 11:26.000 Let me... 11:26.000 --> 11:27.000 Sure. 11:27.000 --> 11:30.000 Let me show you my automatic volume control and see if you... 11:30.000 --> 11:39.000 Now, while I'm explaining it to you, you look around for those six hidden ways to make electricity, but do not tell me until we're all finished. 11:39.000 --> 11:40.000 Okay. 11:40.000 --> 11:46.000 Okay, because there's only one of each, so you should make sure that if you guess one, that later on there won't be another one and that you might want to change your mind. 11:46.000 --> 11:48.000 Oh, there are two of them. 11:48.000 --> 11:50.000 No, there's only one of each kind. 11:50.000 --> 11:51.000 Now, let me explain... 11:51.000 --> 11:52.000 Not fair. 11:52.000 --> 11:54.000 Let me explain how my automatic volume control works. 11:54.000 --> 11:56.000 You put the needle on the record here, see? 11:56.000 --> 12:03.000 And when it comes to a loud passage, the current is going to vibrate this speaker. 12:03.000 --> 12:14.000 Now, the speaker cone goes up and down, and when it gets to a very loud passage, which is where the volume would be, then it's going to vibrate this spoon more and more until finally it dumps the spoon over. 12:14.000 --> 12:17.000 And in the spoon later on I'm going to put some water. 12:17.000 --> 12:25.000 So that means water is going down this funnel and will drip down here into this little can cover or a spray can cover. 12:25.000 --> 12:32.000 Now, inside there I have two chemicals, and when the water gets on it, they all start a chemical reaction and create heat. 12:32.000 --> 12:34.000 Notice these two little wires here? 12:34.000 --> 12:35.000 Yeah. 12:35.000 --> 12:44.000 Well, they're going to sense that heat, send a current over to here, around over here, and after a slight delay, I didn't want it to go too fast, it's going to turn on this slide projector. 12:44.000 --> 12:49.000 The slide projector, of course, is going to shine this direction over here, but you notice that the balloon is in the way. 12:49.000 --> 12:50.000 Yeah. 12:50.000 --> 12:59.000 Then another delay in here until when this starts turning around, you know, and creating a static charge, what will happen to the balloon? 12:59.000 --> 13:00.000 It will move away. 13:00.000 --> 13:03.000 Yes, the balloon will move away. And what will happen to the light? 13:03.000 --> 13:04.000 It will hit the cell. 13:04.000 --> 13:10.000 Yes, the balloon will be able to go by the space between the static generator and the balloon and hit this photo cell. 13:10.000 --> 13:12.000 You're going to be putting me on with all this. 13:12.000 --> 13:13.000 No, no, this is... 13:13.000 --> 13:14.000 Yes, you do. 13:14.000 --> 13:20.000 In fact, oh, in fact, I meant to tell you that I've been explaining these in ordinary terms, but they have much more serious terms, too. 13:20.000 --> 13:24.000 For instance, the water in the speaker over there is known as speaker dampening. 13:24.000 --> 13:25.000 Well... 13:25.000 --> 13:26.000 Okay. 13:26.000 --> 13:28.000 And this is a filament, isn't it? 13:28.000 --> 13:29.000 Yeah. 13:28.000 --> 13:30.000 Yes, and here's a plate over here. 13:30.000 --> 13:31.000 Yeah. 13:30.000 --> 13:33.000 And here's the grid, you see, like in a vacuum tube. 13:33.000 --> 13:34.000 Okay. 13:34.000 --> 13:36.000 Okay? And here's the motor. 13:36.000 --> 13:40.000 So when the light hits this cell, it's going to start the motor turning. 13:40.000 --> 13:47.000 And see, there's a little tiny thread that will be wound up here, and as that thread gets higher and higher and higher, it's finally going to pull up on this hinge. 13:47.000 --> 13:50.000 And as it pulls up on the hinge, it's going to close a contact right there. 13:50.000 --> 13:51.000 Oh. 13:51.000 --> 13:53.000 So that will allow current to flow through this wire over here. 13:53.000 --> 13:54.000 Yeah. 13:54.000 --> 13:55.000 Be careful. 13:55.000 --> 13:57.000 That will start this motor. 13:57.000 --> 13:59.000 Hmm. 13:59.000 --> 14:03.000 Now, this may look like a bicycle wheel to you, but it's really a cyclotron. 14:03.000 --> 14:07.000 This is ridiculous. That's a bicycle wheel. 14:07.000 --> 14:09.000 It's a cyclotron, isn't it? 14:09.000 --> 14:11.000 Okay, anyway, you start the motor. 14:11.000 --> 14:15.000 You start when the motor starts, there will be a slight delay again. 14:15.000 --> 14:21.000 As it goes around, it will go around, around, around, and when it comes around over on this side, it's going to make that little wheel spin. 14:21.000 --> 14:24.000 You see that has little, you know, ridges in it? 14:24.000 --> 14:25.000 Yeah. 14:25.000 --> 14:30.000 So the bicycle tire can, it will grab onto the bicycle tire, and it will spin around. 14:30.000 --> 14:36.000 So a little current will come out of there, go around here, come down here through another little sort of delay system I have down below. 14:36.000 --> 14:42.000 When it comes up here to the railroad signal, inside there is a little coil with a plunger in it. 14:42.000 --> 14:47.000 And as the current goes through it, the coil is pulled down into it, which will pull down the railroad signal. 14:47.000 --> 14:48.000 Uh-huh. 14:48.000 --> 14:49.000 Okay? 14:49.000 --> 14:54.000 Now then, there's a little thread connected through a hole over here to the mousetrap. 14:54.000 --> 14:58.000 So when the signal goes down, the mousetrap will spring. 14:58.000 --> 15:01.000 Now, that may be a cyclotron, but that's a mousetrap. 15:01.000 --> 15:06.000 Okay, but it's part of, when I finish, you'll see it's part of a very, very interesting electronic device. 15:06.000 --> 15:10.000 Because when the mousetrap flips over this way, it's going to pull on that string. 15:10.000 --> 15:14.000 And you see that string is attached to the back here of the medicine dropper, which is put on this tube? 15:14.000 --> 15:15.000 Yeah. 15:15.000 --> 15:17.000 Well, that's going to pull the medicine dropper top off. 15:17.000 --> 15:19.000 So air can get in there. 15:19.000 --> 15:22.000 So here's a three-stage amplifier, you see? 15:22.000 --> 15:24.000 One, two, three. 15:24.000 --> 15:26.000 You don't think that that's true. 15:26.000 --> 15:31.000 Inside here, right here is a clamp, which I will now open. 15:31.000 --> 15:32.000 Okay. 15:35.000 --> 15:36.000 Well, yeah, it's running down. 15:36.000 --> 15:38.000 Well, a little bit is going to run down there. 15:38.000 --> 15:40.000 But why doesn't any more come out? 15:40.000 --> 15:41.000 Oh, it's a vacuum. 15:41.000 --> 15:45.000 Yes, because as the liquid starts down, this air gets quite thin in here, doesn't it? 15:45.000 --> 15:46.000 It gets stretched out. 15:46.000 --> 15:47.000 So that's a vacuum tube. 15:47.000 --> 15:49.000 It's not a lantern anymore. 15:49.000 --> 15:50.000 No, it's not a lantern anymore. 15:50.000 --> 15:51.000 It's a vacuum tube. 15:51.000 --> 15:56.000 So now when this top of this medicine dropper is pulled off here, air can get in there. 15:56.000 --> 16:02.000 It pushes down on top of the liquid, and the liquid now can run down this trickler coil. 16:02.000 --> 16:04.000 Uh-huh. 16:04.000 --> 16:05.000 Okay. 16:05.000 --> 16:14.000 And when it gets down into here, it will now gradually fill up into this thing, and you will now have two electrodes, zinc and carbon. 16:14.000 --> 16:16.000 And that will generate a little current. 16:16.000 --> 16:19.000 And that little current goes along this wire. 16:19.000 --> 16:25.000 And now if you come with me, we'll follow what happens to the wire. 16:25.000 --> 16:31.000 Don't they have all of this in one little thing about the size of a fist in a regular record player? 16:31.000 --> 16:33.000 That's right, they do have an automatic. 16:33.000 --> 16:34.000 But you see what happens to the wire? 16:34.000 --> 16:35.000 It comes back. 16:35.000 --> 16:37.000 Over here to this motor. 16:37.000 --> 16:38.000 Well, what does that do? 16:38.000 --> 16:45.000 Well, the motor is connected to this gearbox, and that gearbox has a little pulley on it, and that pulls up on this string. 16:45.000 --> 16:49.000 So as it pulls up on the string, it finally lifts the arm off the record player. 16:49.000 --> 16:50.000 Oh. 16:50.000 --> 16:51.000 Very good. 16:51.000 --> 16:53.000 So there it is. There's my automatic volume control. 16:53.000 --> 16:54.000 Does it work? 16:54.000 --> 16:57.000 Well, we'll find out. We'll do it before you leave. 16:57.000 --> 16:58.000 Okay. 16:58.000 --> 17:02.000 But now, as I went through these, did you find the six different ways of making electricity? 17:02.000 --> 17:04.000 Um, I found some of them. 17:04.000 --> 17:05.000 Okay. 17:05.000 --> 17:08.000 So, go along. Record player, motor. 17:08.000 --> 17:09.000 Um, no, not really. 17:09.000 --> 17:11.000 Speaker. 17:11.000 --> 17:17.000 No, uh, with the chemical, you know, the thing when it goes on fire. 17:17.000 --> 17:18.000 Yes. 17:18.000 --> 17:22.000 Uh, that could be, um, heat, couldn't it? 17:22.000 --> 17:27.000 Yes, yes, you could call it that. These are the two little dissimilar wires I told you about before. 17:27.000 --> 17:29.000 So that'll generate a little feeble current there. So there's number one. 17:29.000 --> 17:30.000 Heat. 17:30.000 --> 17:31.000 Okay, heat. 17:31.000 --> 17:33.000 Uh, well, that's light, of course. 17:33.000 --> 17:37.000 Well, but you're not going to make the electricity, the electricity's not going to come out of this light. 17:37.000 --> 17:39.000 Oh. Well, you have static here. 17:39.000 --> 17:45.000 Okay, that's static. And you know there's a, one kind of pulley at the bottom and another one on top, and they're dissimilar. 17:45.000 --> 17:50.000 And as it spins around, wire rubs on a piece of wool like, and, you know, creates a static charge and out goes the thing. 17:50.000 --> 17:51.000 Okay, so that's two. 17:51.000 --> 17:52.000 Uh-huh. 17:52.000 --> 17:53.000 Then the light will hit here. 17:53.000 --> 17:55.000 Right. It's here, so that's light. 17:55.000 --> 17:56.000 That's light, so that's... 17:56.000 --> 17:58.000 That sends out a feeble current to run the motor. So that's three. 17:58.000 --> 17:59.000 Three, all right. 17:59.000 --> 18:00.000 Three. 18:00.000 --> 18:01.000 Doing pretty good, huh? 18:01.000 --> 18:02.000 Yes, yes. 18:02.000 --> 18:03.000 Okay. 18:03.000 --> 18:04.000 Got three more to go. 18:04.000 --> 18:08.000 Um, well, that's a motor. That could be the magnet, couldn't it? You know, an electromagnet. 18:08.000 --> 18:15.000 Well, it is true. There are some motors have magnets in them, but what happens there, the electricity goes into the motor and, and you, and, and spins it. 18:15.000 --> 18:19.000 You've got to find something that spins magnets or coils and gets electricity out. 18:19.000 --> 18:20.000 Oh. 18:20.000 --> 18:22.000 So it's the opposite of a motor. 18:24.000 --> 18:28.000 Well, what about, what about this? That could have a magnet, is it? 18:28.000 --> 18:33.000 Yes, and you could see with the, if the motor makes the bicycle wheel spin, when you spin it, there could be magnets in here. 18:33.000 --> 18:34.000 And that could... 18:34.000 --> 18:37.000 In fact, I thought you'd recognize that one. Don't you have one of those on your bike? Is it for... 18:37.000 --> 18:38.000 No, I use a little battery. 18:38.000 --> 18:45.000 Oh, well, this is a bicycle generator, and you can hook this to your bicycle and it spins, inside are magnets and coils that spin around, and it sends out a little current. 18:45.000 --> 18:46.000 So that's, that's right. You were correct. 18:46.000 --> 18:47.000 That's four. 18:47.000 --> 18:49.000 That's four. That's a generator. They're magnets. All right? 18:49.000 --> 18:50.000 Ready? Two to go. 18:50.000 --> 18:51.000 Two to go. 18:51.000 --> 18:55.000 Let's see. Nothing there with that three-stage... 18:55.000 --> 18:56.000 How about that little coil inside? 18:58.000 --> 18:59.000 I don't think so. 18:59.000 --> 19:01.000 That's a solenoid. Okay, I won't, I won't confuse the issue. 19:01.000 --> 19:02.000 Nothing in the mousetrap? You sure? 19:02.000 --> 19:03.000 Yeah, I'm pretty sure. 19:03.000 --> 19:04.000 Yeah? Nothing up here? 19:04.000 --> 19:08.000 No. This, this could be the chemical, because it comes down, forms a battery. 19:08.000 --> 19:10.000 Okay, so that's chemical. That's five. 19:10.000 --> 19:11.000 That's five? 19:11.000 --> 19:17.000 You've got heat, light, static, magnetic, and chemical, and the piezo, or pressure, one is left. 19:17.000 --> 19:18.000 Yeah, what happened to that one? 19:18.000 --> 19:19.000 Well, let's follow it back. 19:19.000 --> 19:21.000 You remember the wire went all the way across. 19:21.000 --> 19:22.000 Where'd it go? 19:22.000 --> 19:23.000 Over here. 19:25.000 --> 19:26.000 Right back to where we started. 19:26.000 --> 19:28.000 Yeah, right back to where we started. See, I missed one. 19:28.000 --> 19:29.000 Yeah. 19:29.000 --> 19:30.000 Well, you're looking at it. 19:31.000 --> 19:32.000 The record player? 19:32.000 --> 19:33.000 Yes. You see the needle? 19:33.000 --> 19:34.000 There's no pressure there. 19:34.000 --> 19:38.000 Well, now, wait a minute. When you put the needle on the record, and the needle vibrates back and forth, 19:38.000 --> 19:40.000 inside there is a crystal in a little cartridge. 19:41.000 --> 19:42.000 Oh. 19:42.000 --> 19:46.000 And as it vibrates back and forth, it sends out a feeble little current to the amplifier, and that's how you... 19:46.000 --> 19:47.000 That wasn't fair. 19:47.000 --> 19:48.000 Why not? 19:48.000 --> 19:49.000 You should have warned me. 19:49.000 --> 19:50.000 Yeah? 19:50.000 --> 19:52.000 You know, that was the harder one. 19:52.000 --> 19:58.000 Uh, now, wait. Oh, I forgot your list. Let me check. Stay here. I'll get, I'll get the list, and you, you see if you can get them all. 19:58.000 --> 19:59.000 Okay. 20:00.000 --> 20:02.000 You, you got them all now? Let's make sure. 20:02.000 --> 20:03.000 I think so. I have light. 20:03.000 --> 20:06.000 You got the light. That was the record player, or that, uh, that thing over there. 20:06.000 --> 20:07.000 Yeah, the heat. 20:07.000 --> 20:08.000 Heat was this one here. All right. 20:08.000 --> 20:10.000 The magnet was the generator. 20:10.000 --> 20:11.000 Generator. Okay. 20:11.000 --> 20:13.000 The static was the static generator. 20:13.000 --> 20:15.000 The static, static generator with the balloon. 20:15.000 --> 20:16.000 The chemical. 20:16.000 --> 20:17.000 The chemical was the, uh, battery. 20:17.000 --> 20:18.000 Yes, the battery over there. 20:19.000 --> 20:20.000 And that was the record player. 20:20.000 --> 20:21.000 The record player. Okay. 20:22.000 --> 20:27.000 Well, now, we're about ready to, to go with the thing, but before, uh, uh, we set it off, 20:27.000 --> 20:36.000 I wondered if you could tell me examples of the various ways that these kinds of electricity are, are, not these kinds, but these sources of electricity are used right in your house. 20:37.000 --> 20:38.000 Well, um. 20:38.000 --> 20:43.000 You know, I have all kinds of fancy gadgets here to do it, but you use these around the house in various ways. 20:43.000 --> 20:49.000 How about light? Can you think of any way where you use light as a source of electricity around the house? 20:51.000 --> 20:53.000 Let's see. 20:53.000 --> 20:55.000 What if you want to take a picture in here? Could you do it? 20:55.000 --> 20:57.000 Well, if you had enough light, yeah. 20:57.000 --> 20:58.000 Yeah, how do you know if you got enough light? 20:59.000 --> 21:00.000 A meter. 21:00.000 --> 21:03.000 Yes, the little meter, uh, needle moves, right? 21:03.000 --> 21:04.000 Yeah. 21:03.000 --> 21:04.000 And that's because of electricity. 21:04.000 --> 21:05.000 How about heat? 21:05.000 --> 21:09.000 What about in those ovens? They have the, uh, the new ovens with the heat? 21:09.000 --> 21:12.000 Oh, you're thinking of the infrared where it shines down. 21:12.000 --> 21:18.000 No, uh, in that case, you're, you're, uh, you're talking about electromagnetic waves, but it's not, uh, electrons flowing through something. 21:18.000 --> 21:20.000 Uh, do you remember those two little wires that are there? 21:20.000 --> 21:21.000 Yeah. 21:21.000 --> 21:26.000 Well, sometimes they have those inside the oven, and they lead the wires off to a meter. 21:26.000 --> 21:30.000 Remember I told you over there that that was a clue that the car got the more the needle moved? 21:30.000 --> 21:31.000 Oh, yeah. 21:31.000 --> 21:32.000 You can make it the motor. 21:32.000 --> 21:33.000 Yeah, yeah. 21:33.000 --> 21:36.000 And that's about the only place around the house there might be, uh, heat change into electricity. 21:36.000 --> 21:39.000 How about magnets? Where do you spin a magnet around the house? 21:39.000 --> 21:41.000 Uh, magnet. 21:41.000 --> 21:42.000 Yeah. 21:42.000 --> 21:44.000 Other than a bike generator. 21:44.000 --> 21:46.000 Yeah. Well, let's see. 21:46.000 --> 21:48.000 I'll give you a clue. 21:48.000 --> 21:50.000 The garage. 21:50.000 --> 21:52.000 Car? 21:52.000 --> 21:53.000 Yes. 21:53.000 --> 21:54.000 Yeah. 21:53.000 --> 21:55.000 Is there a generator in a car? 21:55.000 --> 21:56.000 Yeah. 21:55.000 --> 21:57.000 What do they use the generator for? 21:57.000 --> 21:58.000 Well, it keeps the battery going. 21:58.000 --> 22:01.000 Well, it keeps the battery charged, and then they run lights and radios and things like that. 22:01.000 --> 22:02.000 Sure. 22:01.000 --> 22:04.000 Uh, so that's a magnet. How about static? 22:04.000 --> 22:05.000 That's gonna be tricky. 22:05.000 --> 22:07.000 Oh, I don't know. If you want a shock, just move your feet. 22:07.000 --> 22:09.000 No, no, I'm talking about a useful purpose. 22:09.000 --> 22:11.000 Unless you're talking about your sister. 22:11.000 --> 22:13.000 Yeah, give her a shock. 22:13.000 --> 22:15.000 No, I'm talking about a useful, useful purpose. 22:15.000 --> 22:17.000 That static electricity is used around the house. 22:17.000 --> 22:19.000 Hmm. 22:19.000 --> 22:20.000 All right, another clue? 22:20.000 --> 22:21.000 Yeah, another clue. 22:21.000 --> 22:23.000 Sandwiches. 22:23.000 --> 22:25.000 Oh, hope. I know. 22:25.000 --> 22:27.000 You have to, uh, that thin plastic stuff. 22:27.000 --> 22:28.000 Yes, that you wrap around sandwiches. 22:28.000 --> 22:30.000 And the reason it holds together is because of a static charge. 22:30.000 --> 22:31.000 Yeah. 22:31.000 --> 22:33.000 But they, they, they're sticky. They get all over your hands. 22:33.000 --> 22:35.000 Yes, because of the static charge. 22:35.000 --> 22:36.000 So that's where that's used. 22:36.000 --> 22:37.000 How about chemical? 22:37.000 --> 22:38.000 Batteries. 22:38.000 --> 22:40.000 Yes, batteries and flashlights and all that. 22:40.000 --> 22:41.000 And the piezo, of course, you... 22:41.000 --> 22:42.000 A record player. 22:42.000 --> 22:43.000 Yeah, a record player. 22:43.000 --> 22:46.000 All right. Are we ready to go? 22:46.000 --> 22:48.000 Well, I guess so. 22:48.000 --> 22:50.000 Okay, well, um, let me check. 22:50.000 --> 22:58.000 First thing I have to do is add a little, uh, dampening to the speaker. 22:58.000 --> 23:00.000 Okay. 23:00.000 --> 23:05.000 Now I'll make sure the wires are down in here, so they get nice and hot. 23:05.000 --> 23:09.000 And, uh, light. 23:09.000 --> 23:10.000 All right. 23:10.000 --> 23:11.000 All right, let's let it work. 23:11.000 --> 23:12.000 Is it gonna work? Let's see. 23:12.000 --> 23:14.000 First of all, I want to turn the volume down. 23:14.000 --> 23:16.000 I'll turn on the record player. 23:16.000 --> 23:19.000 And I'll see if I can get this positioned at just the right spot, 23:19.000 --> 23:22.000 so I don't get too much noise right away. 23:22.000 --> 23:25.000 And we'll give it a try. 23:25.000 --> 23:27.000 Okay, are you ready? 23:27.000 --> 23:28.000 Yep. 23:28.000 --> 23:47.000 Okay. Watch this. 23:47.000 --> 23:48.000 Not too loud yet, all right? 23:48.000 --> 23:49.000 No. 23:49.000 --> 24:00.000 It's not moving very much. 24:00.000 --> 24:08.000 Okay, it'll get louder in a minute, I guess. 24:08.000 --> 24:10.000 Where's that spoon? 24:10.000 --> 24:19.000 A little more. 24:19.000 --> 24:20.000 All right. 24:20.000 --> 24:29.000 Okay. 24:29.000 --> 24:31.000 It's happening. 24:31.000 --> 24:36.000 Well, there goes the flame. 24:36.000 --> 24:37.000 I'll let the light to go on. 24:37.000 --> 24:38.000 Yeah, it went on. 24:38.000 --> 24:41.000 Now, there's a little delay built in here. 24:41.000 --> 24:43.000 It's blowing up the cap. 24:43.000 --> 24:44.000 It really blew up the cap, didn't it? 24:44.000 --> 24:45.000 It did, yeah. 24:45.000 --> 24:47.000 And certainly plenty of heat there to keep the light going. 24:47.000 --> 24:53.000 All right, let's see if this is gonna work. 24:53.000 --> 24:54.000 There it goes. 24:54.000 --> 24:57.000 Come on, balloon, up. 24:57.000 --> 25:01.000 Up. 25:01.000 --> 25:04.000 Come on, balloon, up. 25:04.000 --> 25:07.000 It's twisted around. 25:07.000 --> 25:08.000 There it goes. 25:08.000 --> 25:11.000 Okay, come on, balloon, up. 25:11.000 --> 25:12.000 The thread's moving. 25:12.000 --> 25:13.000 Okay, this is winding up. 25:13.000 --> 25:14.000 Yeah. 25:14.000 --> 25:15.000 Is that gonna start it? 25:15.000 --> 25:16.000 Ow! 25:16.000 --> 25:17.000 I'm getting a shock from the thread. 25:17.000 --> 25:18.000 There it goes. 25:18.000 --> 25:26.000 This is starting. 25:26.000 --> 25:27.000 There's a slight delay built in here. 25:27.000 --> 25:28.000 Oh, there it goes. 25:28.000 --> 25:30.000 Oh, here it goes. 25:30.000 --> 25:31.000 Is this working? 25:31.000 --> 25:32.000 Yeah, it's going down. 25:32.000 --> 25:33.000 Okay, there. 25:33.000 --> 25:34.000 It's going up. 25:34.000 --> 25:37.000 Okay, now we should chase the line back, because as soon as that goes up over here, this ought 25:37.000 --> 25:38.000 to work. 25:38.000 --> 25:39.000 So let's go back and look and see if this starts. 25:39.000 --> 25:40.000 There it goes. 25:40.000 --> 25:41.000 Is it working? 25:41.000 --> 25:42.000 No. 25:42.000 --> 25:43.000 There it goes. 25:43.000 --> 25:44.000 Aha! 25:44.000 --> 25:45.000 It worked. 25:45.000 --> 25:46.000 It worked. 25:46.000 --> 25:47.000 Congratulate me. 25:47.000 --> 25:48.000 I'm surprised. 25:48.000 --> 25:49.000 All right. 25:49.000 --> 25:50.000 Just a minute, let me turn off. 25:50.000 --> 25:51.000 What are you gonna do for an encore? 25:51.000 --> 26:09.080 Well, it takes you about two hours to set the whole thing up, so I'm not gonna do anything 26:09.080 --> 26:10.080 for an encore. 26:10.080 --> 26:11.080 But you see, most of it worked. 26:11.080 --> 26:12.760 I had to give a little help for everything. 26:12.760 --> 26:13.760 Yeah. 26:13.760 --> 26:14.760 All right, now. 26:14.760 --> 26:16.640 Okay, well, now you found them all, didn't you? 26:16.640 --> 26:17.640 Yes. 26:17.640 --> 26:20.000 Now that they all worked and you saw they really worked, this one was what? 26:20.000 --> 26:21.000 Piezo. 26:21.000 --> 26:22.000 The piezo, yes. 26:22.000 --> 26:23.000 Heat. 26:23.000 --> 26:25.160 And this is what's left of it, yes. 26:25.160 --> 26:27.080 The heat, okay. 26:27.080 --> 26:28.080 This one, light. 26:28.080 --> 26:29.080 Light with that. 26:29.080 --> 26:30.080 And this? 26:30.080 --> 26:31.080 Static. 26:31.080 --> 26:32.080 Yeah, here's where the light really was, yes. 26:32.080 --> 26:33.960 Over here is the motor over here, okay. 26:33.960 --> 26:35.520 And then over here was this one? 26:35.520 --> 26:36.520 Magnet. 26:36.520 --> 26:37.960 Right, magnet. 26:37.960 --> 26:38.960 And up to here? 26:38.960 --> 26:39.960 Solar. 26:39.960 --> 26:40.960 Chemical. 26:40.960 --> 26:43.760 Yeah, you're sure there wasn't any in here, it was only the chemical over here. 26:43.760 --> 26:44.760 Right. 26:44.760 --> 26:46.640 And the chemical went back over to the piezoelectric. 26:46.640 --> 26:51.240 So you see, there were all six methods of making electricity. 26:51.240 --> 26:54.120 And which of all of them do you think is the most important? 26:54.120 --> 26:57.560 Well, I would think the chemical and the magnet. 26:57.560 --> 27:01.800 Yes, of all the various ways of making electricity around the house, chemical is important because 27:01.800 --> 27:05.960 you use it in a car and you use it in flashlights and things like that. 27:05.960 --> 27:10.880 And in modern days, they have very little tiny batteries and hearing aids and photocells 27:10.880 --> 27:12.360 and all sorts of things. 27:12.360 --> 27:15.640 But probably the most important one is this little generator right here because they have 27:15.640 --> 27:19.680 great big huge ones and all the light in this room and all the lights that you see come 27:19.680 --> 27:47.680 from generators like this little one here on the bicycle. 27:47.680 --> 27:53.520 Right.